とりあえず非同期通信のみ実装してみた。送受信とも割込み処理とポーリング処理のどちらかを選択できるようになっているので最大通信速度とコードサイズの兼ね合いによりどちらか適切なほうで動作させることができる。
それと１本の信号線で送受信を行うモード(オープンドレイン＆ループバックモード)にも対応してみた。但し、テストしてないので動くかどうかはわからないが．．．(-_-;)
AVR0/1シリーズでのボードレート周波数誤差補償は出来なくなるがUSART_ASYNC_BAUDRATE()マクロを使って通信速度を指定したほうがコードサイズは小さくなる。もし、通信エラーが出るようならマクロは使わないこと。
割込み処理の有効化はCONFIG_USART_ISRに1を設定する。
[avr8_config.h] #define CONFIG_USART_ISR 1
ポーリング処理の有効化はCONFIG_USART_ISRに0を設定する。但し、Usart::poll()を実行する必要あり。
[avr8_config.h] #define CONFIG_USART_ISR 0
受信バッファリングを有効化するにはCONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZEに1以上を設定。
[avr8_config.h] #define CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE 8
送信バッファリングを有効化するにはCONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZEに1以上を設定。
[avr8_config.h] #define CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE 8
【サンプルコード (Microchip Studio)】
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#include "avr8_clock.h" #include "avr8_port.h" #include "avr8_usart.h" Usart Serial0(USART0); int main() { /* Enable Interrupt */ sei(); /* Setup Clock */ Clock::setup(); /* Setup usart pin mode for ATtiny202 */ Port::pinMode(Port::PA6, OUTPUT, Port::HIGH); Port::pinMode(Port::PA7, INPUT_PULLUP); /* Usart mode 8-bit, no-parity, stop-1 */ Serial0.begin(USART_ASYNC_BAUDRATE(20000000UL, 115200)); or Serial0.begin(115200); while (1) { if (Serial0.available()) Serial0.write(Serial0.read()); Usart::poll(); /* Only needed if not using interrupts */ } ... } |
【ライブラリ】
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/* avr8_usart.h - USART Driver for Microchip AVR8 Series Copyright (c) 2025 Sasapea's Lab. All right reserved. This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ #pragma once #include <stddef.h> #include "avr8_config.h" #include "avr8_clock.h" #define USART_ASYNC_BAUDRATE(fcpu, baud) (-((fcpu) * 4 / (baud))) #if defined(USART5) #define USART_MAX_CH 6 #elif defined(USART4) #define USART_MAX_CH 5 #elif defined(USART3) #define USART_MAX_CH 4 #elif defined(USART2) #define USART_MAX_CH 3 #elif defined(USART1) #define USART_MAX_CH 2 #elif defined(USART0) #define USART_MAX_CH 1 #else #define USART_MAX_CH 0 #endif class Usart { public: /* Character Size select */ typedef enum { CHSIZE_5BIT = USART_CHSIZE_5BIT_gc, /* Character size: 5 bit */ CHSIZE_6BIT = USART_CHSIZE_6BIT_gc, /* Character size: 6 bit */ CHSIZE_7BIT = USART_CHSIZE_7BIT_gc, /* Character size: 7 bit */ CHSIZE_8BIT = USART_CHSIZE_8BIT_gc, /* Character size: 8 bit */ } CHSIZE; /* Parity Mode select */ typedef enum { PMODE_DISABLED = USART_PMODE_DISABLED_gc, /* No Parity */ PMODE_EVEN = USART_PMODE_EVEN_gc, /* Even Parity */ PMODE_ODD = USART_PMODE_ODD_gc, /* Odd Parity */ } PMODE; /* Stop Bit Mode select */ typedef enum { SBMODE_1BIT = USART_SBMODE_1BIT_gc, /* 1 stop bit */ SBMODE_2BIT = USART_SBMODE_2BIT_gc, /* 2 stop bits */ } SBMODE; /* USART.STATUS bit masks and bit positions */ typedef enum { STATUS_WFB = USART_WFB_bm, /* Wait For Break bit mask. */ STATUS_BDF = USART_BDF_bm, /* Break Detected Flag bit mask. */ STATUS_IFSIF = USART_ISFIF_bm, /* Inconsistent Sync Field Interrupt Flag bit mask. */ STATUS_RXSIF = USART_RXSIF_bm, /* Receive Start Interrupt bit mask. */ STATUS_DREIF = USART_DREIF_bm, /* Data Register Empty Flag bit mask. */ STATUS_TXCIF = USART_TXCIF_bm, /* Transmit Interrupt Flag bit mask. */ STATUS_RXCIF = USART_RXCIF_bm, /* Receive Complete Interrupt Flag bit mask. */ } STATUS; Usart(USART_t& usart) : _usart(&usart), _ch((&usart - &USART0) / sizeof(usart)), _lbcnt(0), _rxdata(0) { _instances[_ch] = this; } /* virtual */ ~Usart(void) { end(); _instances[_ch] = 0; } void begin(int32_t speed, CHSIZE data = CHSIZE_8BIT, PMODE parity = PMODE_DISABLED, SBMODE stop = SBMODE_1BIT, bool onewire = false) { end(); _usart->RXPLCTRL = 0; _usart->TXPLCTRL = 0; _usart->EVCTRL = 0; _usart->DBGCTRL = 0; _usart->BAUD = speed < 0 ? (uint16_t)-speed : baudrate(speed); _usart->CTRLC = USART_CMODE_ASYNCHRONOUS_gc | parity | stop | data; _usart->CTRLB = (onewire ? USART_ODME_bm : 0) | USART_RXMODE_NORMAL_gc | USART_RXEN_bm | USART_TXEN_bm; _usart->STATUS = USART_TXCIF_bm | USART_RXSIF_bm | USART_ISFIF_bm | USART_BDF_bm; #if CONFIG_USART_ISR && CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE _usart->CTRLA = (onewire ? USART_LBME_bm : 0) | USART_RXCIE_bm; #else _usart->CTRLA = (onewire ? USART_LBME_bm : 0); #endif } void end(void) { _usart->CTRLB = 0; } #if CONFIG_USART_ISR && CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE void runstdby(bool enable = true) { _usart->CTRLB = (_usart->CTRLB & ~USART_SFDEN_bm) | (enable ? USART_SFDEN_bm : 0); _usart->CTRLA = (_usart->CTRLA & ~USART_RXSIE_bm) | (enable ? USART_RXSIE_bm : 0); } #endif void clear(void) { while (read() != -1) continue; } uint8_t available(void) { return available0(); } int read(void) { return available() ? read0() : -1; } uint8_t read(void* buf, uint8_t len) { uint8_t* p = (uint8_t *)buf; uint8_t cnt = 0; for (; cnt < len; ++cnt) { int c = read(); if (c < 0) break; *p++ = (uint8_t)c; } return cnt; } uint8_t availableForWrite(void) { return availableForWrite0(); } void write(uint8_t c) { while (availableForWrite() == 0) avr8_yield(); write0(c); } void write(const void* buf, uint8_t len) { const uint8_t* p = (const uint8_t*)buf; while (len--) write(*p++); } STATUS status(void) { return (STATUS)_usart->STATUS; } void dbgctrl(bool dbgrun = true) { _usart->DBGCTRL = dbgrun ? USART_DBGRUN_bm : 0; } static void poll(void) { #if !CONFIG_USART_ISR && (CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE || CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE) for (uint8_t i = 0; i < USART_MAX_CH; ++i) { Usart* usart = _instances[i]; if (usart) { #if CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE usart->isr_dre(); #endif #if CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE usart->isr_rxc(); #endif } } #endif } protected: static Usart *_instances[USART_MAX_CH]; USART_t* _usart; uint8_t _ch; volatile uint8_t _lbcnt; uint8_t _rxdata; uint16_t baudrate(uint32_t speed, uint16_t vdd = CONFIG_VDD) { uint8_t mask = 0; uint8_t samples = 1; switch (_usart->CTRLC & USART_CMODE_gm) { case USART_CMODE_ASYNCHRONOUS_gc: samples = (_usart->CTRLB & USART_RXMODE_gm) == USART_RXMODE_CLK2X_gc ? 64 / 8 : 64 / 16; break; case USART_CMODE_SYNCHRONOUS_gc: samples = 64 / 2; mask = 0x3F; break; case USART_CMODE_IRCOM_gc: samples = 64 / 16; break; case USART_CMODE_MSPI_gc: samples = 64 / 1; mask = 0x3F; break; } #if defined(SIGROW_OSC20ERR3V) return (Clock::frequency() * samples / speed * (Sigrow::oscerr(vdd) + 1024) / 1024) & ~mask; #else return (Clock::frequency() * samples / speed) & ~mask; #endif } void txdata(uint8_t c) { uint8_t save = SREG; cli(); if (_usart->CTRLA & USART_LBME_bm) ++_lbcnt; _usart->TXDATAL = c; SREG = save; } int rxdata(void) { uint8_t save = SREG; cli(); int c = _usart->RXDATAL; if (_lbcnt) { --_lbcnt; c = -1; } SREG = save; return c; } #if CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE volatile uint8_t _rxrdpos; volatile uint8_t _rxwrpos; uint8_t _rxbuffer[CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE]; #if CONFIG_USART_ISR friend void usart_isr_rxc(uint8_t ch); #endif inline void isr_rxc(void) { uint8_t flags = _usart->STATUS; _usart->STATUS = (flags & USART_RXSIF_bm); if (flags & USART_RXCIF_bm) { int c = rxdata(); if (c < 0) ; /* loop-back mode */ else if (!full()) _rxbuffer[rxpos(_rxwrpos++)] = (uint8_t)c; else ; /* buffer overflow */ } } inline bool full(void) { return ((_rxwrpos - _rxrdpos) & (CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE | (CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE - 1))) == CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE; } inline static uint8_t rxpos(uint8_t pos) { return pos & (CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE - 1); } inline uint8_t available0(void) { #if !CONFIG_USART_ISR isr_rxc(); #endif int len = (int)rxpos(_rxwrpos) - rxpos(_rxrdpos); return len == 0 ? (full() ? CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE : 0) : (len > 0 ? len : len + CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE); } inline int read0(void) { return _rxbuffer[rxpos(_rxrdpos++)]; } #else inline uint8_t available0(void) { if (_usart->STATUS & USART_RXCIE_bm) { int c = rxdata(); if (c >= 0) { _rxdata = (uint8_t)c; return 1; } } return 0; } inline uint8_t read0(void) { return _rxdata; } #endif #if CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE volatile uint8_t _txrdpos; volatile uint8_t _txwrpos; uint8_t _txbuffer[CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE]; #if CONFIG_USART_ISR friend void usart_isr_dre(uint8_t ch); #endif inline void isr_dre(void) { if (_usart->STATUS & USART_DREIF_bm) { if (!empty()) txdata(_txbuffer[txpos(_txrdpos++)]); else /* buffer empty */; _usart->CTRLA &= ~USART_DREIE_bm; } } inline bool empty(void) { return ((_txwrpos - _txrdpos) & (CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE | (CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE - 1))) == 0; } inline static uint8_t txpos(uint8_t pos) { return pos & (CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE - 1); } inline uint8_t availableForWrite0(void) { #if !CONFIG_USART_ISR isr_dre(); #endif int len = (int)txpos(_txrdpos) - txpos(_txwrpos); return len == 0 ? (empty() ? CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE : 0) : (len > 0 ? len : len + CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE); } inline void write0(uint8_t c) { _txbuffer[txpos(_txwrpos++)] = c; #if CONFIG_USART_ISR _usart->CTRLA |= USART_DREIE_bm; #endif } #else inline uint8_t availableForWrite0(void) { return _usart->STATUS & USART_DREIE_bm ? 1 : 0; } inline void write0(uint8_t c) { txdata(c); } #endif }; |
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/* avr8_usart.cpp - USART Driver for Microchip AVR8 Series Copyright (c) 2025 Sasapea's Lab. All right reserved. This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ #include <avr/interrupt.h> #include "avr8_usart.h" Usart *Usart::_instances[]; #if CONFIG_USART_ISR #if CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE inline void usart_isr_rxc(uint8_t ch) { Usart::_instances[ch]->isr_rxc(); } #if defined(USART0_RXC_vect) ISR(USART0_RXC_vect) { usart_isr_rxc(0); } #endif #if defined(USART1_RXC_vect) ISR(USART1_RXC_vect) { usart_isr_rxc(1); } #endif #if defined(USART2_RXC_vect) ISR(USART2_RXC_vect) { usart_isr_rxc(2); } #endif #if defined(USART3_RXC_vect) ISR(USART3_RXC_vect) { usart_isr_rxc(3); } #endif #if defined(USART4_RXC_vect) ISR(USART4_RXC_vect) { usart_isr_rxc(4); } #endif #if defined(USART5_RXC_vect) ISR(USART5_RXC_vect) { usart_isr_rxc(5); } #endif #endif // CONFIG_USART_RXBUF_SIZE #if CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE inline void usart_isr_dre(uint8_t ch) { Usart::_instances[ch]->isr_dre(); } #if defined(USART0_DRE_vect) ISR(USART0_DRE_vect) { usart_isr_dre(0); } #endif #if defined(USART1_DRE_vect) ISR(USART1_DRE_vect) { usart_isr_dre(1); } #endif #if defined(USART2_DRE_vect) ISR(USART2_DRE_vect) { usart_isr_dre(2); } #endif #if defined(USART3_DRE_vect) ISR(USART3_DRE_vect) { usart_isr_dre(3); } #endif #if defined(USART4_DRE_vect) ISR(USART4_DRE_vect) { usart_isr_dre(4); } #endif #if defined(USART5_DRE_vect) ISR(USART5_DRE_vect) { usart_isr_dre(5); } #endif #endif // CONFIG_USART_TXBUF_SIZE #endif // CONFIG_USART_ISR |
【関連投稿】
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(GPIO)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(FUSE)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(CLOCK)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(RESET)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(PORTMUX)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(USART)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(RTC)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(TCA)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(TCB)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(VREF)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(DAC)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(AC)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(ADC)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(ZCD)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(SPI)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(TWI)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(YIELD)
Microchip AVR8 用のライブラリを自作する。(CONFIG)